海藻酸钠茶多酚复配涂膜对滇橄榄贮藏品质的影响

采用不同浓度的茶多酚和海藻酸钠对滇橄榄进行涂膜保鲜单因素试验,根据测定结果,选择浓度为0.10%、0.20%的海藻酸钠与浓度为0.75%、1.00%、1.50%的茶多酚进行复配涂膜,研究其对滇橄榄贮藏品质的影响。结果表明:经涂膜处理后的滇橄榄贮藏品质优于CK组,在6组不同浓度配比下,以0.10%海藻酸钠与1.50%茶多酚复配保鲜液的保鲜效果较好,可保持滇橄榄较好的感官品质,延缓果实失重率、可溶性固形物含量的升高和VC含量的下降,保持较高的好果率,抑制呼吸强度,能将滇橄榄保鲜期延长至15 d。     

苦瓜新品种淮农青1号的选育

为了选育早熟、产量高、抗病性强、微苦的苦瓜新品种,以B19强雌系为母本,以B118苦瓜自交系为父本,进行杂交、分离后,经系统选育,培育出苦瓜新品种——淮农青1号。其早熟,果皮翠绿色,长纺锤形,口感脆嫩;前期平均667 m2产量1 126.2 kg,比对照增产25.5%,平均667 m~2总产量达2 740.8 kg,比对照增产26.3%;中抗白粉病,适合江苏省春季大棚栽培。     

翻心型大白菜新品种连狮1 号的选育

连狮1 号是以连云港地区菜农提供的中狮头自留种为原始种，经4 代自交提纯选育成的大白菜新品种。株型紧凑， 整齐度较好，叶球为长筒翻心形，叶片呈长倒卵形，叶表面具有较深核桃纹并带稀疏茸毛。株高35 cm，外叶数约10 片， 叶球高28～32 cm、横径22～27 cm，单个叶球质量3.5～4.0 kg，每667 m² 叶球产量4 700 kg 左右，净菜率达83%。生育期 为90～95 d（天），田间抗病毒病、霜霉病、根肿病能力优于对照中狮头，适合在江苏、安徽、山东等地及其相近气候条件 地区秋季种植。     

Exogenous application of allelopathic water extracts helps improving tolerance against terminal heat and drought stresses in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Em. Thell.)

The allelopathic water extracts (AWEs) may help improve the tolerance of crop plants against abiotic stresses owing to the presence of the secondary metabolites (i.e., allelochemicals). We conducted four independent experiments to evaluate the influence of exogenous application of AWEs (applied through seed priming or foliage spray) in improving the terminal heat and drought tolerance in bread wheat. In all the experiments, two wheat cultivars, viz. Mairaj‐2008 (drought and heat tolerant) and Faisalabad‐2008 (drought and heat sensitive), were raised in pots. Both wheat cultivars were raised under ambient conditions in the wire house till leaf boot stage (booting) by maintaining the pots at 75% water‐holding capacity (WHC). Then, managed drought and heat stresses were imposed by maintaining the pots at 35% WHC, or shifting the pots inside the glass canopies (at 75% WHC), at booting, anthesis and the grain filling stages. Drought stress reduced the grain yield of wheat by 39%–49%. Foliar application of AWEs improved the grain yield of wheat by 26%–31%, while seed priming with AWEs improved the grain yield by 18%–26%, respectively, than drought stress. Terminal heat stress reduced the grain yield of wheat by 38%. Seed priming with AWEs improved the grain yield by 21%–27%; while foliar application of AWEs improved the grain yield by 25%–29% than the heat stress treatment. In conclusion, the exogenous application of AWEs improved the stay green, accumulation of proline, soluble phenolics and glycine betaine, which helped to stabilize the biological membranes and improved the tolerance against terminal drought and heat stresses.     

China's alfalfa market and imports: Development,trends, and potential impacts of the U.S.–China trade dispute and retaliations

This study examines the development and trends of China's alfalfa market and imports, identifies key factors for the rapid increase in China's alfalfa imports, and discusses potential impacts of the U.S.–China trade dispute and retaliations on the alfalfa markets and trade in both nations. China's rapid transition toward larger-scale commercial dairy production, with enhanced feed and cost management as well as quality and safety control, and its limited resources for high-quality alfalfa production are key factors for the dramatic increase in its alfalfa imports, from 19 601 metric tons in 2008 to 1.38 million metric tons (mmt) in 2018. While the United States dominated China's alfalfa imports with an average share of 97.01% from 2007 to 2017, the share dropped to 83.76% in 2018 and 63.28% in January 2019 due to the trade dispute and retaliations started in 2018. China will likely remain a large importer of alfalfa because of both its growing demand and the comparative advantages of imported alfalfa in quality and price, but the imports from the United States will be highly affected by the ongoing trade dispute and negotiations. China is also expected to make more efforts to reduce its dependence on U.S. alfalfa through increased investment in domestic alfalfa production and identification of alternative sources of alfalfa and other hay imports.     

阿拉善右旗近50年气温变化特征分析

本文通过整理右旗1969—2018年气温逐年气象观测资料，对右旗近50a平均气温年际变动、季节性变化趋势、突变特点展开研究。得出结论：50a来右旗温度呈0.39℃/10a的速度增加，在20世纪九十年代之后増温明显，且有显著的阶段性波动特点。季节性气温都是以不同速度在增加，春季平均气温增加发展趋势在四季中极为明显。由最高气温季节平均值可知，春季最大，其次秋季夏季冬季，由此可知，最低温度季节性均值是春季最大，其次夏季秋季冬季。年和四季平均最低气温的增加波动,使得平均气温日较差呈减小态势。     

“一带一路”背景下农业类本科生外语素养的培养研究——基于项目式学习理论

随着“一带一路”倡议的不断推进,农学人才在逐渐加深的中国与沿线国家农业合作中的重要性日渐凸显。在此背景下,国家对农业类人才的要求也越来越高,仅掌握农业类专业技术的人才已不能很好地适应新时代的农业发展要求,英语素养成为农学人才的必备的语言能力。本文从提升农学本科生英语素养的重要性出发,分析目前农学本科生外语教学现状,并结合项目式学习理论探索提升农学本科生外语素养的途径,旨在为培养具有较高外语素养的应用型农学人才提供可行建议。     

不同处理对柴胡种子萌发的影响

为研究不同发芽床和清水浸种时间对柴胡种子萌发的影响,以种子萌发启动日、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指标、霉烂率为测量指标,20℃恒温自然光照培养箱中开展了柴胡种子发芽试验。结果表明,不同发芽床基质处理对柴胡种子萌发的影响有显著性差异,其中以纱布处理柴胡种子的各项测量指标均显著高于其他处理;清水浸种不仅能够促使柴胡种子提早萌发,而且能够提高柴胡种子发芽率,浸种12 h柴胡种子的发芽率及发芽势最高,分别可达67.67%±3.21%和56.00%±9.54%,与未浸泡对照相比提高了约35、34个百分点。说明柴胡种子用清水浸种预处理12 h,以纱布为发芽床,在20℃恒温条件下培养,可有效提高柴胡种子萌发率,促进种子提早萌发,实际生产中可以用清水浸种后再进行播种。